Multiple Choice Questions
Heredity and Evolution
Practice Questions with Answers
Total 118 questions available
Q. 1
If T is for tallness and t for dwarfness, what shall be the genotype of a tall pea plant according to Mendelism?
A
TtB
TTC
Either TT or TtD
ttClick an option to check your answer
Q. 2
Forelimb of frog, lizard, bird and man has some evolutionary relationship. This are
A
Homologous organsB
Hand relationshipC
Missing linksD
Analogous organsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 3
Which of the following is a totally impossible outcome of Mendel’s Experiment (cross breeding pure bred tall and short pea plants)
A
4 tall plants and 1 medium-height plant.B
3 tall 1 short plantC
24 tall and 8 short plantsD
8 tall and 0 short plantsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 4
The number of autosomes in a human body cell is
A
23B
44C
46D
22Click an option to check your answer
Q. 5
What, according to Mendel, was responsible for
the inheritance of specific traits?
A
ChromosomesB
FactorsC
GenesD
DNAClick an option to check your answer
Q. 6
Mutation is a
A
factor responsible for plant growth.B
change that causes evolution when inheritedC
change which affects the parents only but never inheritedD
change which affects the offspring of F2 generation onlyClick an option to check your answer
Q. 7
The theory of Natural Selection was proposed by
A
HaldaneB
LamarckC
DarwinD
MendelClick an option to check your answer
Q. 8
What does a test cross determine?
A
The genotype of F₂ plantB
Whether the two species will breed successfully or notC
Number of alleles in a geneD
Whether two traits are linked or notClick an option to check your answer
Q. 9
The theory of Natural Selection was proposed by
A
HaldaneB
MendelC
LamarckD
DarwinClick an option to check your answer
Q. 10
In peas, a pure tall (TT) is crossed with a pure
short plant(tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to
pure short plants in F₂ generation is:
A
2:1B
1:1C
3:1D
1:3Click an option to check your answer
Q. 11
Genotype means :-
A
Genetic composition of the germ cellB
Genetic composition of the individualC
Genetic compositon of an organD
Genetic composition of plastidsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 12
Which of the following can be called a characteristic?
A
Mango tree is multicellularB
Plants can photosynthesiseC
We have 2 eyesD
All of theseClick an option to check your answer
Q. 13
A random change in the frequency of alleles in any population over several generations due to errors in the gametes is called
A
Genetic DriftB
Genetic errorC
Genetic crashD
Gene flowClick an option to check your answer
Q. 14
Which of the following statements is true?
A
The characteristics or traits of parents are transmitted to their progeny (offspring) through genes present on their chromosomes during the process of sexual reproduction.B
The genes which dominate other genes are called dominant genes and the genes which get dominated are called recessive genes.C
The progeny inherits two genes for each trait from its parent but the traits shown by the progeny depends on which inherited gene is dominant of the two.D
All of the aboveClick an option to check your answer
Q. 15
Which of the following can be inherited from
parents to offspring?
A
Swimming techniqueB
Sculpted bodyC
All of the aboveD
Big noseClick an option to check your answer
Q. 16
An organism with two identical alleles of a gene in a cell is called :-
A
DomainantB
HeterozygousC
HomozygousD
HybridClick an option to check your answer
Q. 17
Which one of the following statements is not true?
A
Excavating, time-dating, studying fossils, and determining DNA sequences are tools to study evolution.B
Variations in the species may confer survival advantages or merely contribute to the genetic drift.C
Classification of organisms is based on tracing evolutionary relationships.D
Variations arising during the process of reproduction cannot be inherited.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 18
Which of the following plants did Mendel choose for his experiments?
A
Hibiscus rosa-sinensisB
Mirabilis jalapaC
None of theseD
Pisum sativumClick an option to check your answer
Q. 19
With whom we associate theory of evolution?
A
Harold UreyB
Charles DarwinC
MendelD
Stanley MillerClick an option to check your answer
Q. 20
A segment of DNA providing information for a protein is called
A
traitB
nucleusC
gene.D
chromosomesClick an option to check your answer
Q. 21
Who have a perfect pair of sex chromosomes?
A
Both girls and boysB
Boys onlyC
It depends on many other factorsD
Girls onlyClick an option to check your answer
Q. 22
The hereditary units are stretches of DNA called
A
genesB
chromosomesC
traitsD
charactersClick an option to check your answer
Q. 23
If a plant is heterozygous for tallness, the F2 generation has both tall and dwarf plants. This proves the principle of :-
A
incomplete dominanceB
independent assortmentC
dominanceD
segregationClick an option to check your answer
Q. 24
The information source for making proteins in the cell is the
A
nucleus.B
enzymeC
DNAD
chromosomeClick an option to check your answer
Q. 25
If a heterozygous tall plant is crossed with a homozygous dwarf plant, the proportion of dwarf progeny will :-
A
25%B
100%C
50%D
75%Click an option to check your answer
Q. 26
A random change in the frequency of alleles in any population over several generations due to errors in the gametes is called
A
Genetic DriftB
Genetic errorC
Genetic crashD
Gene flowClick an option to check your answer
Q. 27
The year 1990 AD is highly significant for genetics due to :-
A
Discovery of genesB
Principle of linkageC
Chromosome theory of heredityD
Rediscovery of MendelismClick an option to check your answer
Q. 28
Which one of the following is not one of the direct conclusions that can be drawm from Mendel’s experiment?
A
For recessive trait to be expressed, both copies should be identical.B
Natural selection can alter frequency of an inherited trait.C
Only one parental trait is expressedD
Two copies of each trait is inherited in sexually reproducing orgainsmClick an option to check your answer
Q. 29
The results of a test cross reveal that all the offspring resemble the parent being tested. This parent must be :-
A
homozygousB
recessiveC
haploidD
heterozygousClick an option to check your answer
Q. 30
If a genotype consists of different types of alleles, it is called
A
heterozygousB
monoallelicC
uniallelic.D
homozygousClick an option to check your answer
Q. 31
Which of the following is not one of Mendel’s laws?
A
Law of independent assortmentB
Law of incomplete dominanceC
Law of segregationD
Law of dominanceClick an option to check your answer
Q. 32
The main reason of Mendel's successs in discovering the principles of inheritance was :-
A
The plant was pure breedingB
He considered each character separatelyC
He was lucky not to encounter linkage problemD
All the aboveClick an option to check your answer
Q. 33
A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short pea
plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall
plants because:
A
Shortness is the dominant traitB
Tallness is the recessive traitC
Tallness is the dominant traitD
Height of pea plant is not governed by gene 'T' or 't'Click an option to check your answer
Q. 34
What did Darwin observe regarding the similarity among individuals in a population?
A
It is rare for any two individuals to be exactly alike.B
All individuals within a population are exactly alike.C
All individuals within a population are genetically identical.D
Individuals within a population tend to have very few variations.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 35
Which of the following is not controlled by
genes?
A
None of the aboveB
Hair colourC
HeightD
Eye colourClick an option to check your answer
Q. 36
Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted
in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The
nature of the cross will be:
A
No fertilisationB
Cross fertilisationC
Self pollinationD
Double fertilisationClick an option to check your answer
Q. 37
According to Darwin's observations, what tendency did individuals in populations exhibit regarding offspring production?
A
Individuals tend to produce fewer offspring than are needed to replace the parents.B
Individuals tend to produce exactly the same number of offspring as their parents.C
Individuals tend to produce far more offspring than are needed to replace the parents.D
Individuals tend to produce offspring only when resources are abundant.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 38
Homologous organs have
A
Same structure, different functionB
Same function, different structureC
Different structure, different functionD
Same structure, same functionClick an option to check your answer
Q. 39
A section of DNA providing information for one protein is called—
A
TraitB
GeneC
ChromosomesD
NucleusClick an option to check your answer
Q. 40
_________ is the observable set of characteristics of
an organism.
A
GenesB
DNAC
PhenotypeD
All of theseClick an option to check your answer
Q. 41
What did Gregor Johann Mendel study to establish the laws of inheritance?
A
Garden pea plantsB
BacteriaC
MiceD
Drosophila fliesClick an option to check your answer
Q. 42
Which individuals have greater chances of survival and reproduction, according to the passage?
A
Those with fewer variationsB
Those born with disadvantages in obtaining resourcesC
Those with similar traits to their parentsD
Those with variations that present an advantage in obtaining resources or matesClick an option to check your answer
Q. 43
Which of the following is a recessive trait in pea
plants?
A
Dwarf stem heightB
Violet flowersC
Axial flowersD
Inflated podsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 44
Diversity is quite high in organisms which produce through
A
Sexual reproductionB
Asexual reproductionC
BuddingD
Binary fissionClick an option to check your answer
Q. 45
How life might have originated on earth was experimentally shown by
A
Oparin and HaldaneB
None of the aboveC
Urey and MillerD
Watson and CrickClick an option to check your answer
Q. 46
Mendel’s contribution to genetics was the
A
principle of genetic recombinationB
law of independent assortment of factorsC
theory of natural selectionD
principle of mutationClick an option to check your answer
Q. 47
When an individual is having both the alleles of contrasting characters it is said to be :-
A
DioeciousB
MonoeciousC
Linked genesD
HeterozygousClick an option to check your answer
Q. 48
If a couple has three daughters, what are the chances that the fourth child will be a son ?
A
50%B
0%C
75%D
100%Click an option to check your answer
Q. 49
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that Mendel studied in his experiments with pea plants?
A
Flower colorB
Stem heightC
Leaf shapeD
Seed textureClick an option to check your answer
Q. 50
Which one of the following traits is most likely to pass from one generation to other?
A
Artificial hair coloured by a mother during pregnancyB
Acquired skills by a fatherC
Brown eye colourD
Six fingers in right hand of a personClick an option to check your answer
Q. 51
The Japanese are genetically the closest to
A
monkeysB
gorillasC
Indian schoolboysD
chimpanzeesClick an option to check your answer
Q. 52
The forelimbs of man, cat, bat and whale are
A
fossilsB
missing linksC
analogous organsD
homologous organsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 53
Dominant alleles are expressed exclusively in a
heterozygote, while recessive traits are expressed
only if the organism is ________ for the recessive
allele.
A
HeterozygousB
None of the aboveC
HomozygousD
NormalClick an option to check your answer
Q. 54
The phenomenon where individuals of a species
exhibit differences in characteristics are called:
A
AdaptationB
All of theseC
VariationD
EvolutionClick an option to check your answer
Q. 55
The theory of Natural Selection was proposed by
A
HaldaneB
MendelC
LamarckD
DarwinClick an option to check your answer
Q. 56
Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RR
yy) and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY)
seeds produce F₁ progeny that have round yellow
(RrYy) seeds. When F₁ plants are self pollinated,
the F₂ progeny will have a new combination of
characters. Choose the new combinations from
the following:
(i) Round, yellow
(ii) Round, green
(iii) Wrinkled, yellow
(iv) Wrinkled, green
(i) Round, yellow
(ii) Round, green
(iii) Wrinkled, yellow
(iv) Wrinkled, green
A
(i) and (ii)B
(ii) and (iii)C
(i) and (iv)D
(i) and (iii)Click an option to check your answer
Q. 57
Homologous organs have
A
Different structure, different functionB
Same structure, same functionC
Same function, different structureD
Same structure, different functionClick an option to check your answer
Q. 58
Frequency of certain _________ in a population changes over generations to bring evoultion.
A
membersB
progeniesC
genesD
ideasClick an option to check your answer
Q. 59
Which chromosomes do not play any role in the
determination of the sex of an individual?
A
AutosomesB
Metacentric chromosomesC
Acrocentric chromosomesD
None of the aboveClick an option to check your answer
Q. 60
Which of the following is an example of genetic
variation?
A
Two children have different eye colour.B
Reeta eats meat but her sister Geeta is a vegetarian.C
One person is older than the other.D
One person has a scar but his friend does not.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 61
VV, Vv and vv are ______ while violet and white are _________ .
A
genotypes, phenotypesB
phenotypes, genotypesC
genotypes, genotypesD
phenotypes, phenotypesClick an option to check your answer
Q. 62
Forelimb of frog, lizard, bird and man has some evolutionary relationship. This are
A
Analogous organsB
Missing linksC
Homologous organsD
Hand relationshipClick an option to check your answer
Q. 63
Forelimb of frog, lizard, bird and man has some evolutionary relationship. This are
A
Homologous organsB
Hand relationshipC
Missing linksD
Analogous organsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 64
In humans, the sex Chromosomes comprises one
pair of the total of 23 pairs of chromosomes. The
other 22 pairs of chromosome are called:
A
All of theseB
MeiosisC
ChromosomesD
AutosomesClick an option to check your answer
Q. 65
Which of the following represents the characteristic of a pleiotropic gene?
A
Controls one character in association with the other.B
Controls sexual characters.C
Control more than one character.D
Present only in prokaryotes.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 66
What determines the differences between the
progeny and parents?
A
VariationB
GeneticsC
HeritageD
InheritanceClick an option to check your answer
Q. 67
Humans have two different sex chromosomes, X
and Y. Based on Mendel's laws, a male offspring
will inherit which combination of chromosomes?
A
Both the Y chromosomes from one of its parentsB
Combination of X chromosomes from either of its parentsC
Combination of X and Y chromosome from either of its parentsD
Both the X chromosomes from one of its parentsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 68
From the list given below select the character
which can be acquired but not inherited:
A
Nature of hairB
Size of bodyC
Colour of skinD
Colour of eyeClick an option to check your answer
Q. 69
A random change in the frequency of alleles in any population over several generations due to errors in the gametes is called
A
Genetic DriftB
Genetic errorC
Genetic crashD
Gene flowClick an option to check your answer
Q. 70
The process where characteristics are transmitted
from parent to offsprings is called:
A
GeneB
AlleleC
VariationD
HeredityClick an option to check your answer
Q. 71
Mendel studied seven contrasting characters for his breeding experiment with Pisum sativum, which of the following character did he not use :-
A
Plant heightB
Pod colourC
Leaf shapeD
Pod shapeClick an option to check your answer
Q. 72
Which of these is not a part of Darwinism?
A
Use and disuse of organsB
Natural selectionC
OverpopulationD
Struggle for existenceClick an option to check your answer
Q. 73
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A
Gene is a sequence of nucleotides.B
Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence.C
During the process of gene expression, DNA is first copied into RNA.D
Genes cannot acquire mutations in their sequence.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 74
Amongst which of the following animals, sex of the offsprings not genetically determined?
A
DogsB
HumansC
BirdsD
SnailsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 75
What is the likely outcome for individuals with different variations, according to the passage?
A
They are less likely to survive and reproduce.B
They are likely to remain unchanged.C
They are more likely to have fewer offspring.D
They are more likely to reproduce successfully.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 76
Which one of the following strongly indicates that bird and dinosaurs are closely related?
A
They both respireB
They both reproduceC
They both have eyesD
They both have feathersClick an option to check your answer
Q. 77
Which one is a possible progeny in F2 generation of pure bred tall plant with round seed and short plant with wrinkled seeds?
A
Short plant with round seedB
Tall plant with round seedsC
Tall plant with wrinkled seedsD
All of the aboveClick an option to check your answer
Q. 78
Analogous organs have
A
Same function, different structureB
Same structure, same functionC
Different structure, different functionD
Same structure, different functionClick an option to check your answer
Q. 79
The physical manifestation of an organism's genes is its :-
A
PhenotypeB
Genetic codeC
GenotypeD
EnvironmentClick an option to check your answer
Q. 80
A Yellow and Round seeded pea plant has genotype YyRr. The gametes produced shall be
A
YR, yrB
Yy, RrC
Y, y, R, rD
YR, yR, Yr, yrClick an option to check your answer
Q. 81
Surgically removing tails of mice over several generations do not yield mice without tails.This proves that
A
Neither a nor b is correctB
Both a and b are correctC
Cutting tail does not cause genetic change. So it not inherited.D
Acquired characters during ones own life are not inherited.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 82
Which pea plant characteristic did Mendel not use in his experiments?
A
Seed colorB
Pod lengthC
Flower positionD
Seed shapeClick an option to check your answer
Q. 83
The reason why some mutations, which are harmful, do not get eliminated from gene pool is that
A
they are dominant and show up more frequentlyB
genetic drift occur because of a small populationC
they have future survival value.D
they are recessive and carried by heterozygous individualsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 84
With whom we associate theory of evolution?
A
Stanley MillerB
Charles DarwinC
Harold UreyD
MendelClick an option to check your answer
Q. 85
After breeding tall and dwarf plants together, their offspring (F₁ generation) were bred with each other. The resulting plants had genotypes in which ratio?
A
3 dwarf : 1 tallB
3 tall : 1 dwarfC
1 heterozygous tall : 2 homozygous tall : 1 dwarfD
1:2:1 (homozygous tall: heterozygous tall: dwarf)Click an option to check your answer
Q. 86
According to the passage, what leads to natural selection?
A
Lack of variations among individualsB
Natural variations among individualsC
Genetic mutations in offspringD
Artificial selection by humansClick an option to check your answer
Q. 87
Allele that cannot express itself in presence of another is
A
recessiveB
complementary.C
dominantD
codominantClick an option to check your answer
Q. 88
What type of pollination did Mendel perform to understand the inheritance patterns of traits?
A
Wind pollinationB
Insect pollinationC
Self-pollination and cross-pollinationD
Water pollinationClick an option to check your answer
Q. 89
The genetic constitution of an individual organism is called
A
geneB
heredityC
its genotypeD
its phenotypeClick an option to check your answer
Q. 90
Mendel's laws apply only when :-
A
The character are linkedB
Parents are pure breedingC
First pair of contrasting character is dependent upon other pairsD
F1 in monohybrid cross shows two types of individualsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 91
What branch of biology focuses on the study of
patterns of inheritance?
A
EvolutionB
GeneticsC
EcologyD
ImmunologyClick an option to check your answer
Q. 92
How life might have originated on earth was experimentally shown by
A
Watson and CrickB
None of the aboveC
Oparin and HaldaneD
Urey and MillerClick an option to check your answer
Q. 93
Which scientist is known as the "Father of modern genetics" for his work in the field of genetics?
A
Charles DarwinB
Gregor Johann MendelC
Louis PasteurD
Thomas Hunt MorganClick an option to check your answer
Q. 94
Which of the following is not one of Mendel's laws of inheritance?
A
Law of dominanceB
Law of segregationC
Heredity and Evolution - Google DocsD
Law of independent variationClick an option to check your answer
Q. 95
What is the probability that a human progeny will be a boy?
A
56%B
50%C
It variesD
47.34%Click an option to check your answer
Q. 96
If T is for tallness and t for dwarfness, what shall be the genotype of a tall pea plant according to Mendelism?
A
ttB
TTC
TtD
Either TT or TtClick an option to check your answer
Q. 97
The number of pairs of sex chromosomes in a human diploid cell is
A
threeB
fourC
oneD
twoClick an option to check your answer
Q. 98
Amongst which of the following animals, sex of the offsprings not genetically determined?
A
BirdsB
DogsC
SnailsD
HumansClick an option to check your answer
Q. 99
If in human a sperm (22+Y) fertilizes an egg (22+X), the sex of the foetus shall be
A
bothB
MaleC
FemaleD
Either male or FemaleClick an option to check your answer
Q. 100
Who have a perfect pair of sex chromosomes?
A
Boys onlyB
It depends on many other factorsC
Girls onlyD
Both girls and boysClick an option to check your answer
Q. 101
The two versions of a trait which are brought in
by the male and female gametes are situated on:
A
Any chromosomesB
Sex chromosomesC
Two different chromosomesD
Copies of the same chromosomeClick an option to check your answer
Q. 102
How life might have originated on earth was experimentally shown by
A
None of the aboveB
Urey and MillerC
Oparin and HaldaneD
Watson and CrickClick an option to check your answer
Q. 103
The science dealing with heredity and variations is called
A
embryologyB
phylogenyC
palaeontologyD
geneticsClick an option to check your answer
Q. 104
The number of autosomes in a human body cell is
A
44B
22C
23D
46Click an option to check your answer
Q. 105
The number of autosomes in a human body cell is
A
23B
44C
46D
22Click an option to check your answer
Q. 106
Mendel took ____ contrasting characteristics of pea plants.
A
SevenB
eightC
fiveD
sixClick an option to check your answer
Q. 107
If you were to sample garden pea plants in
Mendel's garden, which of the following
statements would hold?
A
Wrinkled seeds were more abundant than round seedsB
Both round and wrinkled seeds were equally abundant.C
Answer depends on the time of day when sampling is done.D
Round seeds were more abundant than wrinkled seeds.Click an option to check your answer
Q. 108
Mendel conducted his hybridisation experiment with :-
A
Pigeon peaB
Garden peaC
Wild peaD
Chick peaClick an option to check your answer
Q. 109
The genotype of a dominant parent is determined by crossing it with the recessive parent. This cross is called :-
A
test crossB
long crossC
out crossD
back crossClick an option to check your answer
Q. 110
The number of pairs of sex chromosomes in the
zygote of humans is:
A
1B
3C
4D
2Click an option to check your answer
Q. 111
Segregation of alleles takes place during
A
crossing over.B
fertilisationC
cleavageD
meiosisClick an option to check your answer
Q. 112
A Mendelian experiment consisted of breeding
tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short
pea plants bearing white flowers. The progeny all
bore violet flowers but almost half of them were
short. This suggests that the genetic make-up of
the tall parent can be depicted as:
A
TTWWB
TTwwC
TtWwD
TtWWClick an option to check your answer
Q. 113
A Yellow and Round seeded pea plant has genotype YyRr. The gametes produced shall be
A
Y, y, R, rB
Yy, RrC
YR, yR, Yr, yrD
YR, yrClick an option to check your answer
Q. 114
When a new plant is formed as a result of cross
pollination from different varieties of a plant, the
newly formed plant is called:
A
Mutant plantB
All of theseC
Hybrid plantD
Dominant plantClick an option to check your answer
Q. 115
The percentage of yr gamete produced by YyRr parent will be
A
12.5%.B
25%C
50%D
75%Click an option to check your answer
Q. 116
The F2 phenotype ratio of a monohybrid cross studied by Mendel is
A
3:1B
4:1C
1:1D
2:1Click an option to check your answer
Q. 117
In human beings, the statistical probability of having a male child is
A
50%B
75%C
60%.D
25%Click an option to check your answer
Q. 118
Alleles are :-
A
Alternate forms of geneB
Linked genesC
Homologous chromosomeD
Chromosome that have crossed overClick an option to check your answer
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