Multiple Choice Questions

Forest Society and Colonialism

Updated for CBSE 2027
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Q. 1
The Imperial Forest Institute was set up at:
A
Chennai
B
Lucknow
C
Dehradun
D
Jamshedpur
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Q. 2
Why did the government decide to ban shifting cultivation?
A
To grow trees for railway timber
B
When a forest was burnt, there was a danger of destroying valuable timber
C
Difficulties for the government to calculate taxes
D
All the above reasons
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Q. 3
Who among the following was the leader of rebel foresters in Andhra Pradesh?
A
Birsa Munda
B
Siddhu
C
Kanu
D
Alluri Sita Ram Raju
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Q. 4
Across India, many forests thrived because:
A
The government restricted cutting of trees
B
Local residents resisted cutting of forests
C
Forests with dangerous animals survived as no one dared to enter these forests
D
Villages protected forests as sacred groves
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Q. 5
The disappearance of forests is referred to as
A
Deforestation
B
Afforestation
C
Shelterbelts
D
All of these
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Q. 6
Which of the following is not associated with swidden agriculture?
A
Penda
B
Jhum
C
Bewar
D
Karacha
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Q. 7
Wooden planks laid across railway tracks to hold these tracks in a position are called
A
rails
B
beams
C
fasteners
D
sleepers
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Q. 8
The system of scientific forestry stands for:
A
The system whereby local farmers were allowed to cultivate temporarily within a plantation
B
System of cutting old trees and planting new ones
C
Division of forests in three categories
D
Disappearance of forests
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Q. 9
Which of the following forest communities is wrongly matched with the place of their living?
A
Oraon - Chhattisgarh
B
Santhals - Jharkhand
C
Gonds - Chhattisgarh
D
Korava - Madras Presidency
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Q. 10
Which of the following was the reason for forests disappearing near railway tracks ?
A
Indiscriminate cutting of trees by contractors
B
'Scorched earth' policy of imperial troops
C
Wood was used to make railway sleepers
D
Indiscriminate exploitation by tribals
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Q. 11
Which of the following paintings show princes and emperors enjoying a hunt?
A
Mughal paintings
B
Gupta paintings
C
Mauryan paintings
D
Rajput paintings
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Q. 12
Under which forest act were forests divided into three categories?
A
1878
B
1877
C
1876
D
1875
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Q. 13
Which of the following was not a feature of 'scientific forestry' ?
A
Area cut was replanted
B
Forest officials did not survey and estimate the area
C
One type of tree was planted in rows
D
Natural forests were cut down
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Q. 14
A forest in which people were allowed to stay on condition of free service was known as
A
wild forest
B
protected forests
C
village forests
D
forest village
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Q. 15
Which of the following was not a feature of blandongdiensten system?
A
Right to cultivate forest land
B
Rent exemption
C
Free labour for transportation
D
Free labour and buffaloes for cutting forests
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Q. 16
Which of the following species of trees were suited for building ships and railways?
A
Teak and Sal
B
Teak and Mahogany
C
Sal and Semur
D
Rosewood and Sal
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Q. 17
Which of the following trees were promoted for building ships or railways?
A
Teak and Sal
B
Shisham and Acacia
C
Bushes and creepers
D
Firs and Pines
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Q. 18
Where was the Imperial Forest Research Institute set up?
A
Dehradun
B
Lucknow
C
Delhi
D
Bastar
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Q. 19
What was the policy followed by the British in India towards forests during the wars?
A
The forest department cut trees freely
B
Cutting of trees was strictly prohibited
C
More trees were planted to give employment
D
None of the above
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Q. 20
Who among the following were well-known skilled forest-cutters?
A
Kalanga of Java
B
Maasais of Africa
C
Gonds of Orissa
D
Mundas of Chhotanagpur
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Q. 21
Fee paid by people from one village to another
A
devsari
B
rent
C
tax
D
none
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Q. 22
Bastar people believe each village was given land by:
A
The Earth
B
The Gods
C
The Chief
D
The British
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Q. 23
Forests were categorized by the Forest Act of ?
A
1927
B
1906
C
1865
D
1878
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Q. 24
Which trade regulations had serious effects on pastoralist and nomadic communities?
A
Many became slave laborers
B
Some were called criminal tribes
C
Grazing and hunting were restricted
D
All the above
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Q. 25
Which of the following is not a local name of shifting cultivation?
A
Jhum
B
Kharif
C
Milpa
D
Tavy
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Q. 26
Which decision was taken by the Forest Act 1878?
A
All forests were to be brought under the control of the forest department
B
Forests were to be divided into three categories
C
Forests were to be cleared for cultivation
D
All the above
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Q. 27
Colonial state regarded forests as :
A
Sign of balanced Eco-system
B
No man's land
C
Source of revenue
D
Unproductive and wilderness
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Q. 28
Forests consisting of which type of trees were preferred by the Forest Department?
A
Forests having trees which provided fuel, fodder, and leaves
B
Forests having soft wood
C
Forests that were useful to common people
D
Forests having trees suitable for building ships and railways
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Q. 29
The system of modern cultivation using HYV seeds and pesticides was taught at the Imperial Forest Research Institute Dehradun.
A
True
B
False
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Q. 30
Each mile of railway track required ?
A
1760-2000 sleepers
B
35,000 trees
C
Between 1670-2200 sleepers
D
3 to 5 sleepers
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Q. 31
Dietrich was an inhabitant of Randublatung village who started a movement against state ownership of forest.
A
False
B
True
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Q. 32
The Imperial Forest Institute was set up in 1906 at:
A
Lucknow
B
Dehradun
C
Allahabad
D
None
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Q. 33
According to the 1878 Amendment of Forest Act, ‘Protected Village’ referred to which of the following?
A
A forest where entry was prohibited
B
A forest which was protected by the forest department
C
A forest where wild animals were protected by the state
D
A forest from which villagers could collect firewood, fodder, leaves, etc. for their use
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Q. 34
Colonial rulers considered forests as wilderness and unproductive because:
A
forests only have wild-grown trees
B
forests did not yield revenue to enhance the income of the state
C
forests are full of wild animals
D
the forests are not fit for habitation
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Q. 35
Colonial rulers considered forests as unproductive because:
A
Forests did not yield revenue to enhance the income of the state
B
Forests had wild grown trees only
C
Forests were full of wild animals
D
The forests were not fit for habitation
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Q. 36
Where is Bastar located?
A
Delhi
B
Rajasthan
C
Chhattisgarh
D
Uttar Pradesh
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Q. 37
Who was the first Inspector General of forests in India?
A
Samin
B
Gundadhar
C
Dietrich Brandis
D
George Yule
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Q. 38
What were the best forests called?
A
Unreserved forests
B
Reserved forests
C
Protected
D
Village forests
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Q. 39
When was the Indian Forest Service set up?
A
1862
B
1860
C
1966
D
1864
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Q. 40
Who among the following were well-known skilled forest cutters?
A
Kalangs of Java
B
Mundas of Chhotanagpur
C
Maasais of Africa
D
Gonds of Orissa
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Q. 41
What was the ‘scorched earth’ policy followed by the Dutch in Java during the wars?
A
Dutch weapons were destroyed on the land of Java
B
The earth was exploited to grow more trees
C
Huge piles of teak logs were burnt and saw mills destroyed
D
None of the above
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Q. 42
The Kalangs of Bastar were skilled forest cutters and shifting cultivators.
A
True
B
False
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Q. 43
This river ____________ flows through Bastar.
A
Ganga
B
Indus
C
Indrawati
D
None of these
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Q. 44
500 different plant species can be found in one forest patch in ?
A
North American plains
B
Amazon
C
Eastern Ghats
D
Chhattisgarh
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Q. 45
Out of three categories, which forests were regarded as the best?
A
Reserved forests
B
Protected forests
C
Village forests
D
Both (a) and (b)
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Q. 46
Why does the story of the forests and people of Bastar not end with the rebellion of 1910 ?
A
Practice of keeping people out continued
B
World Bank proposal for forest replacement
C
Both (a) and (b)
D
None of the above
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Q. 47
Indian Forest Service was set up in the year?
A
1854
B
1864
C
1865
D
1884
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Q. 48
How much part of India's land mass was under cultivation in 1600 AD?
A
1/5
B
1/2
C
1/6
D
1/4
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Q. 49
According to the 1878 Amendment of Forest Act, ‘Protected Village’ referred to which of the following?
A
A forest where entry was prohibited
B
A forest protected by the forest department
C
A forest from which villages could collect firewood, fodder, leaves etc. for their use
D
None of the above
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Q. 50
What was a significant change due to new forest laws for forest dwellers?
A
The laws prohibited hunting animals
B
People could not build houses in forest areas
C
Women were not allowed to work in forest areas
D
None of the above
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Q. 51
Why did the cultivated area in India rise between 1880 and 1920?
A
The British encouraged commercial crops
B
Forests were seen as wilderness
C
All the above
D
The urban populations in Europe needed more crops
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Q. 52
In which parts is Swidden agriculture practised?
A
Asia, S. America and Thailand
B
Asia, Africa and China
C
Asia, S. America and Europe
D
Asia, Africa and S. America
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Q. 53
Which of the following categories of forests is considered the best on the basis of their utility?
A
Village forests
B
Protected forests
C
Community forests
D
Reserved forests
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Q. 54
Which Kingdom of Java split into two kingdoms?
A
Kalongs
B
Mataram
C
Joana
D
All of these
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Q. 55
In which year did the Bastar rebellion take place?
A
1909
B
1911
C
1910
D
1912
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Q. 56
Which of the following was true under colonial rule?
A
Killing of large animals was discouraged
B
Scale of hunting decreased
C
Scale of hunting increased
D
Forest people retained customary right of hunt
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Q. 57
Sarnas are _____________.
A
Sacred groves
B
Forests
C
Grasslands
D
None of these
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Q. 58
Which among the following is the main reason for the survival of some dense forests in India?
A
Scientific forestry
B
Villages protected them as sacred groves
C
Environmentalists
D
Conservationists
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Q. 59
Which of the following is not a feature of shifting cultivation ?
A
Parts of the forest are cut and burnt in rotation
B
Seeds are sown in the ashes
C
Plots cleared are cultivated for a few years and then left fallow
D
Single crop is grown on these plots
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Q. 60
What do you mean by deforestation?
A
Burning of forests
B
Disappearance of forests
C
Appearance of forests
D
Reappearance of forest
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Q. 61
Where did the Bastar Rebellion start?
A
Kalangas
B
Kanger
C
Bhatras
D
All of these
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Q. 62
The Imperial Forest Research Institute was set up in :
A
Calcutta
B
Kanpur
C
Delhi
D
Dehradun
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Q. 63
When did Surontiko Samin start a movement against state ownership of forests?
A
1887
B
1890
C
1889
D
1888
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Q. 64
Between 1700 and 1995, how much sq. km of forest area was cleared for industrial uses, cultivation, pastures, and fuelwood?
A
13.9 million sq. km
B
14.9 million sq. km
C
15.9 million sq. km
D
None
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Q. 65
Which plantation was the most important during the colonial period?
A
Tea
B
Tobacco
C
Rubber
D
Coffee
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Q. 66
Gundadhar was an inhabitant of which village?
A
Nethanar
B
Munda
C
Kalanga
D
Matram
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Q. 67
Which one of the following was not responsible for deforestation during the colonial period in India?
A
British gave vast areas at cheap rates to European planters and contractors to provide wood needed for shipbuilding
B
British encouraged the production of Jowar and Bajra
C
Increased demand for timber due to expansion of railways and for ship building purposes
D
British encouraged the production of commercial crops
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Q. 68
Latex can be collected from which of the following trees?
A
Deodar Tree
B
Eucalyptus Tree
C
Rubber Tree
D
Pine Tree
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Q. 69
What was not a factor in discouragement of shifting agriculture?
A
Many local communities were displaced
B
Land so used could not grow timber
C
It made it harder for government to calculate taxes
D
There was danger of flames spreading
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Q. 70
Local name for Swidden Agriculture in India:
A
Lading
B
Kumri
C
Chena
D
Milpa
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Q. 71
With the coming of the British, the trade in forest products became free for all the people living in and around the forests.
A
False
B
True
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Q. 72
Blandongdiensten system in Java was followed by:
A
Tanzania
B
Paris
C
Dutch
D
Zambia
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Q. 73
Which of the following is a new development in forestry?
A
Scientific forestry
B
Keeping communities away from forests
C
Conservation of forests
D
Collecting timber
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Q. 74
Which of the following refers to shifting cultivation?
A
Seasonal cultivation
B
Type of cultivation under which parts of forests are cut and burnt in rotation
C
Cultivation where crops are harvested only in autumn
D
Type of cultivation in which farmers shift from one place to another to cultivate different crops
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Q. 75
In England, Oak forests were used for?
A
Building ships
B
Constructing houses
C
Building railway tracks
D
Carpentry
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Q. 76
When did the first rebellion take place in Bastar ?
A
1915
B
1912
C
1940
D
1910
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Q. 77
The Forest Act meant severe hardship for the villagers across the country, because:
A
Cutting wood, grazing cattle, etc. became illegal
B
People were forced to steal
C
Women who collected firewood were harassed
D
All the above
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Q. 78
Which of the following problems were faced by the people of Bastar under the colonial government?
A
People displaced without compensation
B
Increased rents and demands for free labor
C
Terrible famines
D
All the above
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Q. 79
Dietrich Brandis was the:
A
First Governor of Forest Administration
B
First Inspector General of Forests in India
C
First Postmaster General
D
First Supervisor of Forests
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Q. 80
Which of the following was the factor in the development of timber plantations ?
A
Tribals were encouraged to settle in forest villages
B
Lands used for cultivation of food crops were converted into timber plantations
C
Natural forests were left untouched
D
Natural forests were cleared to make way
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Q. 81
Industrialization resulted in loss of what % of forests ?
A
19.3%
B
13.9%
C
9.3%
D
3.9%
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Q. 82
Why did colonists need durable timber ?
A
For furniture
B
To build beautiful homes
C
To construct bridges
D
To build ships for the Royal Navy
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