Multiple Choice Questions

THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE

Updated for CBSE 2027
65+ Practice Questions
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Practice Questions with Answers

Total 65 questions available

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Q. 1
The nucleus contains __________, which are visible as rod-shaped structures only when the cell is about to divide.
A
Cytoplasm
B
Proteins
C
Genes
D
Chromosomes
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Q. 2
Which of the following imparts colors to flower to attract insects for pollination?
A
Plastid
B
Chloroplast
C
Leucoplast
D
Chromoplast
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Q. 3
The passage of water from a region of higher water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane to region of low water concentration is
A
Diffusion
B
Osmosis
C
Both a and b
D
None of these
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Q. 4
Engulfing of food materials or foreign bodies by cells like Amoeba is called
A
Plasmolysis
B
Osmosis
C
Diffusion
D
Endocytosis
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Q. 5
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane is similar in structure to the ______ membrane.
A
Nuclear
B
Cell
C
Plasma
D
Ribosomal
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Q. 6
Choose the correctly matched pair.
A
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Protein Synthesis
B
Golgi Apparatus - Formation of Lysosomes
C
Lysosomes - Photosynthesis
D
Mitochondrion - Detoxification of Drugs
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Q. 7
A cell will swell up if
A
The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell.
B
The concentration of water molecules is the same in the cell and in the surrounding medium.
C
The concentration of water molecules in the cell is higher than the concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium.
D
Concentration of water molecules does not matter.
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Q. 8
Which of the following is rightly paired?
A
Acrocentric: centromere is at the centre
B
Metacentric: centromere at the middle
C
Both (a) and (b)
D
None of these
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Q. 9
What is the outermost covering of a cell that regulates the entry and exit of materials known as?
A
Nucleus
B
Cytoplasm
C
Cell wall
D
Plasma membrane
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Q. 10
Cellular organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes are called:
A
Ribosomes
B
Mesosomes
C
Peroxisomes
D
Lysosomes
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Q. 11
What is the full form of ATP?
A
Adeno tri phosphate
B
Adenosine tri phosphate
C
Adenosine tetra phosphate
D
Adeno tri phosphorus
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Q. 12
Living cells were discovered by
A
Robert Hooke
B
Leeuwenhoek
C
Robert Brown
D
Purkinje
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Q. 13
Which organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell?
A
Plastids
B
Mitochondria
C
Golgi apparatus
D
Ribosomes
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Q. 14
Nucleoid is a feature of:
A
Bacteria
B
Humans
C
Birds
D
Amoeba
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Q. 15
Which is the control centre of the cell?
A
Cytoplasm
B
Cell membrane
C
Nucleus
D
Protoplasm
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Q. 16
Which of the following is known as “physical basis of life”?
A
Protoplasm
B
Nucleolus
C
Mitochondria
D
Gene
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Q. 17
Which of the following organelles is smallest in size?
A
Ribosome
B
Mitochondrial
C
Chloroplast
D
Lysosome
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Q. 18
Anaerobic bacteria which help in nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixation is
A
Azotobacter
B
Chlorobium
C
Azomonas
D
Clostridium
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Q. 19
What is the primary function of leucoplasts in a cell?
A
Waste removal
B
Storage
C
Photosynthesis
D
Energy production
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Q. 20
What is the main function of the cytoplasm in a cell?
A
To provide structure and support
B
To store genetic material
C
To house organelles and facilitate cellular processes
D
To protect the cell from external damage
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Q. 21
The cell organelles (other than the nucleus) which contain DNA are
A
Plastids and Lysosomes
B
Golgi apparatus and Lysosomes
C
Plastids and Mitochondria
D
Mitochondria and Golgi apparatus
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Q. 22
The term protoplasm was coined by
A
Kholl and Ruska
B
Robert Hooke
C
J. E. Purkinje
D
Haeckel
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Q. 23
Which of the following statements about vacuoles is correct?
A
Vacuoles are only found in plant cells
B
The central vacuole in some plant cells can occupy 50-90% of the cell volume
C
Plant cells generally have smaller vacuoles
D
Vacuoles are large and centrally located in animal cells
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Q. 24
Animal cell lacking nuclei would also lack in
A
Chromosome
B
Endoplasmic reticulum
C
Lysosome
D
Ribosome
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Q. 25
What is the consequence of a ruptured plasma membrane for a cell?
A
The cell will continue to function normally.
B
The cell will lose its contents and eventually die.
C
The cell will rapidly produce new membrane materials.
D
The cell will become more efficient in nutrient absorption.
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Q. 26
The fluid in the vacuole of a plant cell is called
A
Cytoplasm
B
Tonoplasm
C
Cell sap
D
Protoplasm
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Q. 27
Ribosomes are the center for
A
Photosynthesis
B
Fat synthesis
C
Protein synthesis
D
Respiration
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Q. 28
A cell has 10 chromosomes. After mitosis cell divisions, the number of chromosomes in the daughter cell will be
A
20
B
5
C
4
D
10
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Q. 29
A prokaryotic cell ranges in size from:
A
1-10 nanometre
B
5-100 nanometre
C
1-10 micrometre
D
5-100 micrometre
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Q. 30
If a plant cell is kept in a hypotonic solution, it will
A
Burst
B
Decrease in its volume
C
Increase in its volume
D
Maintain the same volume
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Q. 31
Prokaryotic cell contains:
A
Variable number of chromosomes
B
Two chromosomes
C
Single chromosome
D
Three chromosomes
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Q. 32
Which of the following substances is not present in the cell?
A
Carbohydrates
B
Soil
C
Water
D
Proteins
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Q. 33
Animal cells do not show the presence of:
A
Cell membrane
B
Cytoplasm
C
Cell wall
D
Nucleus
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Q. 34
Which of the following acts as the garbage disposal system of the cell?
A
Golgi body
B
Vacuole
C
Lysosome
D
Peroxisome
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Q. 35
Root hair absorbs water from soil through
A
Active transport
B
Osmosis
C
Endocytosis
D
Diffusion
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Q. 36
Which term describes the entire content of a living cell?
A
Protoplasm
B
Nucleoplasm
C
Ooplasm
D
Cytoplasm
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Q. 37
The largest cell in the human body is
A
Liver cell
B
Nerve cell
C
Muscle cell
D
Ovum
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Q. 38
The only cell organelle present in a prokaryotic cell is
A
Lysosome
B
Plastids
C
Mitochondria
D
Ribosome
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Q. 39
Following are a few definitions of osmosis. Read carefully and select the correct definition.
A
Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration of solution through a permeable membrane
B
Movement of solvent molecules from its higher concentration to lower concentration
C
Movement of solute molecules from lower concentration to higher concentration of solution through a semipermeable membrane
D
Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi permeable membrane
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Q. 40
The proteins and lipids, essential for building the cell membrane, are manufactured by
A
Endoplasmic reticulum
B
Plasma membrane
C
Golgi apparatus
D
Mitochondria
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Q. 41
Find out the correct sentence.
A
Nucleoid is present inside the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic nucleus
B
Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum produce lipid and protein respectively
C
Enzymes packed in lysosomes are made through RER
D
Endoplasmic reticulum is related to the destruction of plasma membrane
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Q. 42
Choose the correctly matched pair.
A
Prokaryotic Cell - Membrane-bound organelles
B
Eukaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
C
Prokaryotic Cell - Nuclear region not well defined
D
Eukaryotic Cell - Single chromosome
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Q. 43
Choose the correctly matched pair.
A
Meiosis - Two new cells
B
Golgi apparatus - Storage and packaging of substances
C
Nucleus - Manufacture of proteins
D
Mitosis - Four new cells
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Q. 44
Which statement is false with respect to multi-cellular organisms?
A
Multicellular organisms show division of labour.
B
In multicellular organisms, groups of cells perform specific roles.
C
Different groups of cells are inter-dependent on each other.
D
All the cells perform the same function in a multicellular organism.
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Q. 45
Choose the correctly matched pair.
A
Hypotonic solution - Cell shrinks
B
Diffusion - Movement of water molecules
C
Hypertonic solution - Cell swells up
D
Isotonic solution - No net movement of water
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Q. 46
Which organelle is called the suicide bag of the cell?
A
Golgi bodies
B
Lysosome
C
Centrosome
D
Chloroplast
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Q. 47
Cell wall is mainly made up of:
A
Sucrose
B
Cellulose
C
Maltose
D
Fructose
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Q. 48
Find the incorrect statement regarding cell organelles:
A
The organelles help in division of labour in the cell.
B
Cell organelles are present outside each cell.
C
A cell functions because of its organelles.
D
Each kind of cell organelle performs a special function.
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Q. 49
Functional segments of DNA are called
A
Stomata
B
Muscle cell
C
Nerve cell
D
Genes
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Q. 50
What did Robert Hooke observe in 1665 that led to the discovery of cells?
A
Cork resembled the structure of a honeycomb.
B
The nucleus was discovered within a cell.
C
Pond water contained free-living cells.
D
Protoplasm was named for the fluid substance of the cell.
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Q. 51
What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?
A
Protein synthesis
B
Energy storage
C
ATP generation
D
Waste disposal
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Q. 52
An eukaryotic cell ranges in size from:
A
5-100 nanometre
B
1-10 micrometre
C
5-100 micrometre
D
1-10 nanometre
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Q. 53
Which out of the following is not a function of the vacuole?
A
Waste excretion
B
Providing turgidity and rigidity to the cell
C
Locomotion
D
Storage
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Q. 54
Prokaryotic cells do not have:
A
Nucleoid
B
Lysosomes
C
Plasma membrane
D
Ribosome
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Q. 55
“All cells arise from pre-existing cells” who said this?
A
Purkinje
B
Robert Brown
C
Robert Hooke
D
Virchow
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Q. 56
70-80 % of volume of a mature plant cell is occupied by
A
Nucleus
B
Endoplasmic reticulum
C
Cytoplasm
D
Vacuole
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Q. 57
What is the process called when a plant cell loses water through osmosis and the cell contents shrink away from the cell wall?
A
Diffusion
B
Exocytosis
C
Endocytosis
D
Plasmolysis
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Q. 58
The membrane of Golgi apparatus has connections with those of
A
Nuclear membrane
B
Endoplasmic reticulum
C
Mitochondria
D
Cell membrane
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Q. 59
The presence of various cell organelles within the cell helps in:
A
Division of labour
B
Crowding of the cell
C
Larger size of the cell
D
Decoration of the cell
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Q. 60
Cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane composed of _____ and proteins.
A
Carbohydrates
B
Nucleic acids
C
Lipids
D
Enzymes
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Q. 61
A prokaryotic cell does not possess
A
Cell membrane
B
Cell wall
C
Nuclear membrane
D
Both (a) and (c)
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Q. 62
Which organelle releases energy?
A
Ribosome
B
Chloroplast
C
Mitochondria
D
Golgi Apparatus
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Q. 63
Chromosomes are made up of
A
RNA and Histone
B
DNA and Histone
C
Protein
D
DNA and RNA
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Q. 64
What is the function of lysosomes within a cell?
A
Photosynthesis
B
Energy production
C
Digestion of waste materials
D
Protein synthesis
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Q. 65
Choose the correctly matched pair.
A
Functional segments of DNA - Genes
B
Nucleoid - Well-defined nuclear region
C
Chromatin material - Visible as rod-shaped structures
D
Prokaryotes - Cells with membrane-bound organelles
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